The northwestern corner of Manitoba and a southwestern part of the province are under an extreme cold warning Monday morning.

That warning comes as a period of very cold wind chills is expected across parts of Manitoba, with a “bitterly cold air mass” dropping temperatures into the mid-minus 30s in northern Manitoba, Environment Canada said in an alert.

When combined with winds of 10 to 15 km/h, that air mass will bring extreme wind chills near -45 to parts of northern Manitoba. In the southwestern parts of the province under the warning, temperatures near -30 C combined with those same wind speeds will bring wind chills near -40.

The areas affected are:

• Brochet.

• City of Brandon.

• Municipality of Glenboro-South Cypress, including Treesbank.

• Municipality of Norfolk Treherne.

• Municipality of North Cypress-Langford, including Neepawa and Carberry.

• Municipality of North Norfolk, including MacGregor, Sidney and Austin.

• Municipality of Oakland-Wawanesa, including Carroll.

• Rural municipality of Cornwallis west of Shilo, including Chater.

• Rural municipality of Elton, including Forrest.

• Rural municipality of Victoria, including Holland and Cypress River.

• Tadoule Lake.

Wind chills will remain near warning criteria Monday night and into Tuesday morning before warmer temperatures move into the region through the day on Tuesday in northern Manitoba, the alert said.

In the section of southwestern Manitoba under the warning, temperatures are expected to moderate later Monday morning as clouds enter the region.

Wind chill values there are expected to drop into the mid-minus 30s again Monday night into Tuesday morning through parts of western Manitoba, the alert said.

Extreme cold warnings are issued when very cold temperatures or wind chill creates an elevated health risk, such as frostbite or hypothermia.

Environment Canada urged people to watch for symptoms of cold-related health concerns, including shortness of breath, chest pain, muscle pain and weakness, numbness and colour change in fingers and toes.

While extreme cold puts everyone at risk, those risks are greater for young children, older adults, people with chronic illnesses, people working or exercising outdoors and those without proper shelter.

The weather agency urged people to cover up, noting frostbite can develop within minutes on exposed skin — especially with wind chill. It also reminded people that when it’s too cold for them to stay outside, that means it’s also too cold for their pets to stay outside.