Chianca V, Albano D, Messina C, Gitto S, Ruffo G, Guarino S, et al. Sarcopenia: imaging assessment and clinical application. Abdom Radiol. 2022;47:3205–16.
Nakamura K, Yoshida D, Honda T, Hata J, Shibata M, Hirakawa Y, et al. Prevalence and mortality of Sarcopenia in a community-dwelling older Japanese population: the hisayama study. J Epidemiol. 2021;31:320–27.
Almohaisen N, Gittins M, Todd C, Sremanakova J, Sowerbutts AM, Aldossari A, et al. Prevalence of undernutrition, frailty and sarcopenia in community-dwelling people aged 50 years and above: systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrients. 2022;14:1537–59.
Bianchi L, Ferrucci L, Cherubini A, Maggio M, Bandinelli S, Savino E, et al. The predictive value of the EWGSOP definition of Sarcopenia: results from the InCHIANTI study. J Gerontol Biol. 2016;71:259–64.
Landi F, Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Liperoti R, Russo A, Giovannini S, Tosato M, et al. Sarcopenia and mortality risk in frail older persons aged 80 years and older: results from ilSIRENTE study. Age Ageing. 2013;42:203–9.
Landi F, Liperoti R, Fusco D, Mastropaolo S, Quattrociocchi D, Proia A, et al. Sarcopenia and mortality among older nursing home residents. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2012;13:121–6.
Nipp RD, Fuchs G, El-Jawahri A, Mario J, Troschel FM, Greer JA, et al. Sarcopenia is associated with quality of life and depression in patients with advanced cancer. Oncologist. 2018;23:97–104.
Cerri AP, Bellelli G, Mazzone A, Pittella F, Landi F, Zambon A, et al. Sarcopenia and malnutrition in acutely ill hospitalized elderly: prevalence and outcomes. Clin Nutr. 2015;34:745–51.
Beaudart C, Zaaria M, Pasleau F, Reginster JY, Bruyère O. Health outcomes of Sarcopenia: a systematic review and Meta-analysis. PLoS ONE. 2017;12:e0169548.
Chang SF, Lin PL. Systematic literature review and meta-analysis of the association of Sarcopenia with mortality. Worldviews Evidence-Based Nurs. 2016;13:153–62.
Baumgartner RN. Body composition in healthy aging. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2000;904:437–48.
Donini LM, Busetto L, Bischoff SC, Cederholm T, Ballesteros-Pomar M, Batsis JA, et al. Definition and diagnostic criteria for sarcopenic obesity: ESPEN and EASO Consensus Statement. Obes Facts. 2022;15(3):321–35.
Liu C, Wong PY, Chung YL, Chow SK, Cheung WH, Law SW, et al. Deciphering the obesity paradox in the elderly: a systematic review and meta-analysis of sarcopenic obesity. Obes Rev. 2023;24(2):e13534.
Gao Q, Hu K, Gao J, Shang Y, Mei F, Zhao L, et al. Prevalence and prognostic value of sarcopenic obesity in patients with cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrition. 2022;101:111704.
Wei S, Nguyen T, Zhang Y, Ryu D, Gariani K. Sarcopenic obesity: epidemiology, pathophysiology, cardiovascular disease, mortality, and management. Front Endocrinol. 2023;14:1185221–32.
Saino Y, Kawase F, Nagano A, Ueshima J, Kobayashi H, Murotani K, et al. Diagnosis and prevalence of sarcopenic obesity in patients with colorectal cancer: a scoping review. Clin Nutr. 2023;42(9):1595–601.
Atmis V, Yalcin A, Silay K, Ulutas S, Bahsi R, Turgut T, et al. The relationship between all-cause mortality Sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity among hospitalized older people. Aging Clin Exp Res. 2019;31(11):1563–72.
Ji Y, Cheng B, Xu Z, Ye H, Lu W, Luo X, et al. Impact of sarcopenic obesity on 30-day mortality in critically ill patients with intra-abdominal sepsis. J Crit Care. 2018;46:50–4.
Zhang JJ, Dong X, Liu GH, Gao YD. Risk and protective factors for COVID-19 morbidity, severity, and mortality. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2023;64:90–107.
Kowsar R, Rahimi AM, Sroka M, Mansouri A, Sadeghi K, Bonakdar E, et al. Risk of mortality in COVID-19 patients: a meta- and network analysis. Sci Rep. 2023;13:2138.
Levin AT, Hanage WP, Owusu-Boaitey N, Cochran KB, Walsh SP, Meyerowitz-Katz G. Assessing the age specificity of infection fatality rates for COVID-19: systematic review, meta-analysis, and public policy implications. Eur J Epidemiol. 2020;35:1123–38.
Wu ZY, McGoogan JM. Characteristics of and important lessons from the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China Summary of a report of 72314 cases from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. JAMA. 2020;323:1239–42.
Greco M, De Corte T, Ercole A, Antonelli M, Azoulay E, Citerio G, et al. Clinical and organizational factors associated with mortality during the peak of first COVID-19 wave: the global UNITE-COVID study. Intensive Care Med. 2022;48:690–705.
Wang Y, Tan S, Yan Q, Gao Y. Sarcopenia and COVID-19 outcomes. Clin Interv Aging. 2023;18:359–73.
Zhou F, Yu T, Du R, Fan G, Liu Y, Liu Z, et al. Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet. 2020;395:1054–62.
Pérez-Campos Mayoral L, Matias-Cervantes CA, Pérez-Campos E, Romero Díaz C, Laguna Barrios LÁ, Pina, Canseco, et al. Associations of dynapenic obesity and sarcopenic obesity with the risk of complications in COVID-19. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23(15):8277.
Ma Y, He M, Hou LS, Xu S, Huang ZX, Zhao N, et al. The role of SARC-F scale in predicting progression risk of COVID-19 in elderly patients: a prospective cohort study in Wuhan. BMC Geriatr. 2021;21(1):355–63.
Ling CH, de Craen AJ, Slagboom PE, Gunn DA, Stokkel MP, Westendorp RG, et al. Accuracy of direct segmental multi-frequency bioimpedance analysis in the assessment of total body and segmental body composition in middle-aged adult population. Clin Nutr. 2011;30(5):610–5.
Andrade MS, Honorato MP, Vargas JP, Galvez M, Rojas MR. Comparison of two handgrip dynamometers in older adults before elective surgery. Perioper Med (Lond). 2023;12(1):46–53.
Chen LK, Woo J, Assantachai P, Auyeung TW, Chou MY, Iijima K, et al. Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia: 2019 consensus update on Sarcopenia diagnosis and treatment. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2020;21:300–7.
Cederholm T, Jensen GL, Correia MI, Gonzalez MC, Fukushima R, Higashiguchi T, et al. GLIM criteria for the diagnosis of malnutrition – a consensus report from the global clinical nutrition community. Clin Nutr. 2019;38:1–9.
Martin FC, O’Halloran AM. Tools for assessing Frailty in Older people: General concepts. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2020;1216:9–19.
Aguilar-Iglesias L, Merino-Merino A, Sanchez-Corral E, Garcia-Sanchez MJ, Santos-Sanchez I, Saez-Maleta R, et al. Differences according to Age in the diagnostic performance of cardiac biomarkers to predict frailty in patients with acute heart failure. Biomolecules. 2022;12(2):245–52.
Gingrich A, Volkert D, Kiesswetter E, Thomanek M, Bach S, Sieber CC, et al. Prevalence and overlap of Sarcopenia, frailty, cachexia and malnutrition in older medical inpatients. BMC Geriatr. 2019;19:120–30.
Wei S, Nguyen T, Zhang Y, Ryu D, Gariani K. Sarcopenic obesity: epidemiology, pathophysiology, cardiovascular disease, mortality, and management. Front Endocrinol. 2023;14:1185221.
Onishi S, Tajika M, Tanaka T, Yamada K, Abe T, Higaki EJ, et al. Prognostic impact of sarcopenic obesity after neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery in elderly patients with esophageal squamous. J Clin Med. 2020;9:2974–88.
Li XH, Yuan MX. Research progress on sarcopenic obesity. Chin J Diabetes Mellitus. 2023;5:66–70.
Li CW, Yu K, Shyh-Chang N, Jiang Z, Liu T, Ma S, et al. Pathogenesis of Sarcopenia and the relationship with fat mass: descriptive review. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2022;13:781–94.
Chen WZ, Zhang XZ, Zhang FM, Yu DY, Chen WH, Lin F, et al. Coexistence of GLIM-defined malnutrition and Sarcopenia have negative effect on the clinical outcomes in the elderly gastric cancer patients after radical gastrectomy. Front Nutr. 2022;19:960670.
Zhang C, Wang H, Wen Z, Bao Z, Li X. Collective and individual assessment of the risk of death from COVID-19 for the elderly, 2020–2022. China CDC Wkly. 2023;5(18):407–12.
Wang H, Hai S, Liu Y, Li C, Liu Y, Liu P, et al. Associations between sarcopenic obesity and cognitive impairment in elderly Chinese communitydwelling individuals. J Nutr Health Aging. 2019;23:14–20.
Ji W, Liu X, Zheng K, Liu P, Zhao Y, Lu J, et al. Thresholds of visceral fat area and percent of body fat to define sarcopenic obesity and its clinical consequences in Chinese cancer patients. Clin Nutr. 2022;41(3):737–45.
Kroh A, Uschner D, Lodewick T, Eickhoff RM, Schöning W, Ulmer FT, et al. Impact of body composition on survival and morbidity after liver resection in hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis. 2019;18:28–37.
Lee SE, Park JH, Kim KA, Kang YS, Choi HS. Association between sarcopenic obesity and pulmonary function in Korean elderly: results from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Calcif Tissue Int. 2020;106(2):124–30.
Best TD, Mercaldo SF, Bryan DS, Marquardt JP, Wrobel MM, Bridge CP, et al. Multilevel body composition analysis on chest computed tomography predicts hospital length of stay and complications after lobectomy for lung cancer: a multicenter study. Ann Surg. 2022;275(5):e708–15.
Mayoral LP, Matias-Cervantes CA, Pérez-Campos E, Díaz CR, Barrios LA, Canseco MD, et al. Associations of dynapenic obesity and sarcopenic obesity with the risk of complications in COVID-19. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23:8277–90.
Paoli A, Cerullo G. Investigating the link between Ketogenic diet, NAFLD, mitochondria, and oxidative stress: a narrative review. Antioxidants. 2023;12:1065.
Li CW, Yu K, Shyh-Chang N, Li GX, Jiang LJ, Yu SL, et al. Circulating factors associated with sarcopenia during ageing and after intensive lifestyle intervention. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2019;10:586–600.